The concept of minimally invasive surgery is adopted in the diagnosis and treatment of biliary diseases, while during the process, the biological function of the sphincter of Oddi is ignored, and blind expansion of indications of endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) severely affected the function of the sphincter of Oddi. In this condition, protection of the sphincter of Oddi should be attached great importance. Proper selection of diagnosis method, strictly control of the indications of EST, timely repair the injured sphincter of Oddi are important for a better prognosis of patients with biliary diseases with preservation of the function of the sphincter of Oddi.